F.A.Q.

https://typo3.org/ :: TYPO3 — the Professional, Flexible Content Management System. TYPO3 CMS is an Open Source Enterprise Content Management System with a large global community, backed by the approximately 900 members of the TYPO3 Association.

TYPO3 creator Kasper Skårhøj remembers it something like this:

Back in the late 1990s, while still working on the initial version of his new CMS, he was looking for a name for the new software. At the time, the name “freestyle” appealed to him, but it posed some problems through its over-association with certain activities, products and trademarks. So the issue of naming stayed on the back burner for want of a better idea.

Then, one Friday evening while he was alone in the office after hours coding, Kasper inadvertently typed an error into the command line of his Linux server and accidentally deleted a whole week work. He recalls that feeling you get of a cold rush through the body, when you realize something dreadful has happened. Slowly he got up, walked to the other end of the room and sat down in the couch looking back across the office at the laptop on his desk.

He stayed like this for a while, just staring out into the room. Then, after the initial shock had subsided, he walked back, sat down, and began to recreate the lost code. This went surprisingly quickly; as such things do when you have them fully worked out in your head. And it was during this new rush of adrenaline and the satisfaction that all was not actually lost, that he began to put the incident into perspective. The recreated programming was going smoothly and cleanly, which made him wonder how ironic it would be if a typo ended up actually improving the product! It was this thought that first brought up the expression “typo” as a possible name. It seemed to fit especially well because

• “typo”, as in typography, had something to do with layout and content and
• “typo”, as in a typing mistake, now had a quirky share in the product’s history.

The newborn child now had a name.

Originally there were Typo versions 1, 2 and 2.5. But with the success of version 3, which had branded itself more or less by default, a “3” was eventually appended to the product title itself. Since the launch of “TYPO3 version 4”, TYPO3 has remained as the product name for all future versions. So, TYPO3 it is called … and TYPO3 it will continue to be.

TYPO3 is a free and open-source Web content management system written in PHP. It is released under the GNU General Public License. It can run on several web servers, such as Apache or IIS, on top of many operating systems, among them Linux, Microsoft Windows, FreeBSD, macOS and OS/2.

Because TYPO3 is the CMS for you! TYPO3 is an Enterprise Content Management System. If you need to create, manage and output any kind of digital content, TYPO3 is the right tool for you. You can start small and grow fast, but while your business case might change - you'll never need to change the Content Management System since TYPO3 adapts to your needs.

Operating System: Linux, Windows or Mac, or common cloud infrastructure setups
Webserver: Apache httpd, Nginx, Microsoft IIS, Caddy Server
PHP: PHP >= 7.2
Database: PostgreSQL //Microsoft SQL Server //MariaDB(>= 10.2) //MySQL(>= 5) //SQLite
Hardware: RAM >= 256 MB
Supported Browsers: Chrome (latest) //Firefox (latest) //Safari (latest) //Edge (latest) //Internet Explorer (>= 11)

"Extensions" is a general term in TYPO3 which covers many kinds of additions to TYPO3. The main types are:

• Plugins which play a role on the website itself, e.g. a discussion board, guestbook, shop, etc. Therefore plugins are content elements, that can be placed on a page like a text element or an image.
• Modules are backend applications which have their own entry in the main menu. They require a backend login and work inside the framework of the backend. We might also call something a module if it exploits any connectivity of an existing module, that is if it simply adds itself to the function menu of existing modules. A module is an extension in the backend.
• Distributions are fully packaged TYPO3 CMS web installations, complete with files, templates, extensions, etc.

Extensions are the cornerstone in the internal architecture of TYPO3. This structure is a vital part of TYPO3 and will surely provide future growth for these reasons:

• Easy sharing: Extensions are exceedingly easy to share; You press a single button and it's uploaded and online, available for others. Then a single click and it's downloaded, installed and running somewhere else.
• Hassle-free updates: Updates of extensions are - just like installing - a one-click process. And the core itself is also easy to upgrade because it has been separated from the extensions.
• Quick development: Extensions are easy to get kickstarted with an internal visual tool. Plus, all files of an extension are located in one single folder - very easy to handle.
• High quality: Extensions will probably have a high quality since there is an API, clear guidelines for coding, well defined namespaces, and a whole community to comment and review them.
• Documentation: Extensions can easily be well-documented since a very flexible and powerful integration of reStructuredText and Sphinx has been deployed. It really can't be easier.
• Unlimited application: Extensions are able to integrate with almost every little corner of TYPO3, and that makes the possible applications of extensions practically unlimited.
• Developer responsibility: The modular approach of extensions make the "developer-bazaar" just a little more organized and helps identify responsibility for each single part of TYPO3.
• Support load: Since extensions will allow people to clearly identify what extension they need support for, it is easy to ask at the right place.

Distributions are full TYPO3 CMS websites ready to be unpacked. They provide an easy quick start for using TYPO3 CMS. A distribution is a special kind of extension enriched with some further data that is loaded or executed upon installing that extension.

Dedicated server (DS) is a type of hosting, in which the client is entirely provided with a separate physical machine (as opposed to virtual hosting). Usually used to run applications that can not coexist on the same server with other projects or have increased resource requirements.

A virtual private server (VPS), also called a virtual dedicated server (VDS), is a virtual server that appears to the user as a dedicated server, but that is actually installed on a computer serving multiple websites. A single computer can have several VPSs, each one with its own operating system (OS) that runs the hosting software for a particular user. Although a VDS is similar to a virtual private server (VPS), there are slight differences. A VDS provides a remote dedicated server, while a VPS is a virtual machine (VM) on top of a physical server that hosts VPS instances and shares host machine resources.

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